From: Jay Link (jlink@ilbbs.com)
Date: Thu 03 Jan 2002 - 19:24:05 IST
Well, I still can't find that super-simple code, but maybe the following
would be of use to you? It's bmptoppm.c, from the netpbm package. The
program as-is reads a .BMP (max 256 colors, IIRC) and then writes a
series of text RGB triplets to STDOUT. Maybe you could appropriate the
reading routines?
/*\
* $Id: bmptoppm.c,v 1.10 1992/11/24 19:38:17 dws Exp dws $
*
* bmptoppm.c - Converts from a Microsoft Windows or OS/2 .BMP file to a
* PPM file.
*
* The current implementation is probably not complete, but it works for
* all the BMP files I have. I welcome feedback.
*
* Copyright (C) 1992 by David W. Sanderson.
*
* Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
* documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
* provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
* that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
* in supporting documentation. This software is provided "as is"
* without express or implied warranty.
*
* $Log: bmptoppm.c,v $
* Revision 1.10 1992/11/24 19:38:17 dws
* Added code to verify that reading occurred at the correct offsets.
* Added copyright.
*
* Revision 1.9 1992/11/17 02:15:24 dws
* Changed to include bmp.h.
* Eliminated need for fseek(), and therefore the need for a
* temporary file.
*
* Revision 1.8 1992/11/13 23:48:57 dws
* Made definition of Seekable() static, to match its prototype.
*
* Revision 1.7 1992/11/11 00:17:50 dws
* Generalized to use bitio routines.
*
* Revision 1.6 1992/11/10 23:51:44 dws
* Enhanced command-line handling.
*
* Revision 1.5 1992/11/08 00:38:46 dws
* Changed some names to help w/ addition of ppmtobmp.
*
* Revision 1.4 1992/10/27 06:28:28 dws
* Corrected stupid typo.
*
* Revision 1.3 1992/10/27 06:17:10 dws
* Removed a magic constant value.
*
* Revision 1.2 1992/10/27 06:09:58 dws
* Made stdin seekable.
*
* Revision 1.1 1992/10/27 05:31:41 dws
* Initial revision
\*/
#include "bmp.h"
#include "ppm.h"
#include "bitio.h"
#define MAXCOLORS 256
static char *ifname;
/*
* Utilities
*/
static int GetByte ARGS((FILE * fp));
static short GetShort ARGS((FILE * fp));
static long GetLong ARGS((FILE * fp));
static void readto ARGS((FILE *fp, unsigned long *ppos, unsigned long dst));
static void BMPreadfileheader ARGS((FILE *fp, unsigned long *ppos,
unsigned long *poffBits));
static void BMPreadinfoheader ARGS((FILE *fp, unsigned long *ppos,
unsigned long *pcx, unsigned long *pcy, unsigned short *pcBitCount,
int *pclass));
static int BMPreadrgbtable ARGS((FILE *fp, unsigned long *ppos,
unsigned short cBitCount, int class, pixval *R, pixval *G, pixval *B));
static int BMPreadrow ARGS((FILE *fp, unsigned long *ppos, pixel *row,
unsigned long cx, unsigned short cBitCount, pixval *R, pixval *G, pixval *B));
static pixel ** BMPreadbits ARGS((FILE *fp, unsigned long *ppos,
unsigned long offBits, unsigned long cx, unsigned long cy,
unsigned short cBitCount, int class, pixval *R, pixval *G, pixval *B));
static char er_read[] = "%s: read error";
static char er_seek[] = "%s: seek error";
static int
GetByte(fp)
FILE *fp;
{
int v;
if ((v = getc(fp)) == EOF)
{
pm_error(er_read, ifname);
}
return v;
}
static short
GetShort(fp)
FILE *fp;
{
short v;
if (pm_readlittleshort(fp, &v) == -1)
{
pm_error(er_read, ifname);
}
return v;
}
static long
GetLong(fp)
FILE *fp;
{
long v;
if (pm_readlittlelong(fp, &v) == -1)
{
pm_error(er_read, ifname);
}
return v;
}
/*
* readto - read as many bytes as necessary to position the
* file at the desired offset.
*/
static void
readto(fp, ppos, dst)
FILE *fp;
unsigned long *ppos; /* pointer to number of bytes read from fp */
unsigned long dst;
{
unsigned long pos;
if(!fp || !ppos)
return;
pos = *ppos;
if(pos > dst)
pm_error("%s: internal error in readto()", ifname);
for(; pos < dst; pos++)
{
if (getc(fp) == EOF)
{
pm_error(er_read, ifname);
}
}
*ppos = pos;
}
#if 0
static void
Seek(fp, off)
FILE *fp;
long off;
{
if (fseek(fp, off, 0) == -1)
{
pm_error(er_seek, ifname);
}
}
/*
* Seekable(f) - makes sure the given FILE* is seekable (for
* reading). returns f if it is, and a new, seekable FILE* if f is
* stdin.
*/
static FILE *
Seekable(f)
FILE *f;
{
int c;
FILE *t;
if (f != stdin)
{
return f;
}
t = tmpfile();
while ((c = getc(f)) != EOF)
{
putc(c, t);
}
rewind(t);
return t;
}
#endif
/*
* BMP reading routines
*/
static void
BMPreadfileheader(fp, ppos, poffBits)
FILE *fp;
unsigned long *ppos; /* number of bytes read from fp */
unsigned long *poffBits;
{
unsigned long cbSize;
unsigned short xHotSpot;
unsigned short yHotSpot;
unsigned long offBits;
if (GetByte(fp) != 'B')
{
pm_error("%s is not a BMP file", ifname);
}
if (GetByte(fp) != 'M')
{
pm_error("%s is not a BMP file", ifname);
}
cbSize = GetLong(fp);
xHotSpot = GetShort(fp);
yHotSpot = GetShort(fp);
offBits = GetLong(fp);
*poffBits = offBits;
*ppos += 14;
}
static void
BMPreadinfoheader(fp, ppos, pcx, pcy, pcBitCount, pclass)
FILE *fp;
unsigned long *ppos; /* number of bytes read from fp */
unsigned long *pcx;
unsigned long *pcy;
unsigned short *pcBitCount;
int *pclass;
{
unsigned long cbFix;
unsigned short cPlanes;
unsigned long cx;
unsigned long cy;
unsigned short cBitCount;
int class;
cbFix = GetLong(fp);
switch (cbFix)
{
case 12:
class = C_OS2;
cx = GetShort(fp);
cy = GetShort(fp);
cPlanes = GetShort(fp);
cBitCount = GetShort(fp);
break;
case 40:
class = C_WIN;
cx = GetLong(fp);
cy = GetLong(fp);
cPlanes = GetShort(fp);
cBitCount = GetShort(fp);
/*
* We've read 16 bytes so far, need to read 24 more
* for the required total of 40.
*/
GetLong(fp);
GetLong(fp);
GetLong(fp);
GetLong(fp);
GetLong(fp);
GetLong(fp);
break;
default:
pm_error("%s: unknown cbFix: %d", ifname, cbFix);
break;
}
if (cPlanes != 1)
{
pm_error("%s: don't know how to handle cPlanes = %d"
,ifname
,cPlanes);
}
switch (class)
{
case C_WIN:
pm_message("Windows BMP, %dx%dx%d"
,cx
,cy
,cBitCount);
break;
case C_OS2:
pm_message("OS/2 BMP, %dx%dx%d"
,cx
,cy
,cBitCount);
break;
}
#ifdef DEBUG
pm_message("cbFix: %d", cbFix);
pm_message("cx: %d", cx);
pm_message("cy: %d", cy);
pm_message("cPlanes: %d", cPlanes);
pm_message("cBitCount: %d", cBitCount);
#endif
*pcx = cx;
*pcy = cy;
*pcBitCount = cBitCount;
*pclass = class;
*ppos += cbFix;
}
/*
* returns the number of bytes read, or -1 on error.
*/
static int
BMPreadrgbtable(fp, ppos, cBitCount, class, R, G, B)
FILE *fp;
unsigned long *ppos; /* number of bytes read from fp */
unsigned short cBitCount;
int class;
pixval *R;
pixval *G;
pixval *B;
{
int i;
int nbyte = 0;
long ncolors = (1 << cBitCount);
for (i = 0; i < ncolors; i++)
{
B[i] = (pixval) GetByte(fp);
G[i] = (pixval) GetByte(fp);
R[i] = (pixval) GetByte(fp);
nbyte += 3;
if (class == C_WIN)
{
(void) GetByte(fp);
nbyte++;
}
}
*ppos += nbyte;
return nbyte;
}
/*
* returns the number of bytes read, or -1 on error.
*/
static int
BMPreadrow(fp, ppos, row, cx, cBitCount, R, G, B)
FILE *fp;
unsigned long *ppos; /* number of bytes read from fp */
pixel *row;
unsigned long cx;
unsigned short cBitCount;
pixval *R;
pixval *G;
pixval *B;
{
BITSTREAM b;
unsigned nbyte = 0;
int rc;
unsigned x;
if ((b = pm_bitinit(fp, "r")) == (BITSTREAM) 0)
{
return -1;
}
for (x = 0; x < cx; x++, row++)
{
unsigned long v;
if ((rc = pm_bitread(b, cBitCount, &v)) == -1)
{
return -1;
}
nbyte += rc;
PPM_ASSIGN(*row, R[v], G[v], B[v]);
}
if ((rc = pm_bitfini(b)) != 0)
{
return -1;
}
/*
* Make sure we read a multiple of 4 bytes.
*/
while (nbyte % 4)
{
GetByte(fp);
nbyte++;
}
*ppos += nbyte;
return nbyte;
}
static pixel **
BMPreadbits(fp, ppos, offBits, cx, cy, cBitCount, class, R, G, B)
FILE *fp;
unsigned long *ppos; /* number of bytes read from fp */
unsigned long offBits;
unsigned long cx;
unsigned long cy;
unsigned short cBitCount;
int class;
pixval *R;
pixval *G;
pixval *B;
{
pixel **pixels; /* output */
long y;
readto(fp, ppos, offBits);
pixels = ppm_allocarray(cx, cy);
if(cBitCount > 24)
{
pm_error("%s: cannot handle cBitCount: %d"
,ifname
,cBitCount);
}
/*
* The picture is stored bottom line first, top line last
*/
for (y = cy - 1; y >= 0; y--)
{
int rc;
rc = BMPreadrow(fp, ppos, pixels[y], cx, cBitCount, R, G, B);
if(rc == -1)
{
pm_error("%s: couldn't read row %d"
,ifname
,y);
}
if(rc%4)
{
pm_error("%s: row had bad number of bytes: %d"
,ifname
,rc);
}
}
return pixels;
}
int
main(argc, argv)
int argc;
char **argv;
{
FILE *ifp = stdin;
char *usage = "[bmpfile]";
int argn;
int rc;
unsigned long pos = 0;
unsigned long offBits;
unsigned long cx;
unsigned long cy;
unsigned short cBitCount;
int class;
pixval R[MAXCOLORS]; /* reds */
pixval G[MAXCOLORS]; /* greens */
pixval B[MAXCOLORS]; /* blues */
pixel **pixels;
ppm_init(&argc, argv);
/*
* Since this command takes no flags, produce an error message
* if the user tries to give any.
* This is friendlier than if the command were to say
* 'no such file: -help'.
*/
argn = 1;
while (argn < argc && argv[argn][0] == '-' && argv[argn][1] != '\0')
{
pm_usage(usage);
++argn;
}
if (argn < argc)
{
ifname = argv[argn];
ifp = pm_openr(ifname);
++argn;
}
else
{
ifname = "standard input";
ifp = stdin;
}
if (argn != argc)
{
pm_usage(usage);
}
BMPreadfileheader(ifp, &pos, &offBits);
BMPreadinfoheader(ifp, &pos, &cx, &cy, &cBitCount, &class);
if(offBits != BMPoffbits(class, cBitCount))
{
pm_message("warning: offBits is %d, expected %d"
, pos
, BMPoffbits(class, cBitCount));
}
rc = BMPreadrgbtable(ifp, &pos, cBitCount, class, R, G, B);
if(rc != BMPlenrgbtable(class, cBitCount))
{
pm_message("warning: %d-byte RGB table, expected %d bytes"
, rc
, BMPlenrgbtable(class, cBitCount));
}
pixels = BMPreadbits(ifp, &pos, offBits, cx, cy
, cBitCount, class, R, G, B);
if(pos != BMPlenfile(class, cBitCount, cx, cy))
{
pm_message("warning: read %d bytes, expected to read %d bytes"
, pos
, BMPlenfile(class, cBitCount, cx, cy));
}
pm_close(ifp);
ppm_writeppm(stdout, pixels, cx, cy, (pixval) (MAXCOLORS-1), 0);
pm_close(stdout);
exit(0);
}
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